The Study

The current study evaluated the effectiveness of two video modeling programs, one using discrete video modeling and another using standard video modeling to teach expressive vocabulary words to individuals with autism and other disorders. The researchers collected data across four classrooms in a school district in Inglewood, California in a double-blind study across three weeks. During week one, baseline data were collected across two sets of targets presented in each video modeling program. During week two, the instructors showed the standard video modeling program to half of the classrooms while instructors for the other half of the classes showed the discrete video modeling program. During week three, the instructors switched the video modeling programs with the two groups to compare the language acquisition outcomes. The researchers collected data on all targets at the end of each week’s viewings. Comparing the two programs using chi-square tests of independence, the research showed a significant increase in expressive words with the discrete video modeling program.

The Study

Video modeling involves the learner viewing videos of a model demonstrating a target skill. According to the National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders (2011), video modeling is an evidenced-based intervention for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in elementary through middle school. Little research exists evaluating video modeling for individuals with ASD in high school. This study examined the effectiveness of video modeling to facilitate the development of word recognition and pronunciation in three male high school students with ASD. A single-case multiple baseline experimental design across participants (i.e. video modeling sequentially implemented across three students) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of video modeling. Results indicate that video modeling was effective in facilitating word recognition and pronunciation. Findings suggest that video modeling may be a viable intervention to foster the reading development of adolescents with ASD

The Study

Allison Clark, a Special Education teacher in an Early Intervention program, used GemIIni for an entire school year with eight children with autism. Six of these children had low verbal skills and two were non-verbal (not even verbal imitation of sounds) despite three years in a school-based program. Large and unexpected gains were seen in attending skills, social interactions and language development in all of the students. All students using GemIIni met their annual IEP goals within the first two months of use. The two non-verbal children began verbal imitation within the first 30 days and both were speaking in sentences within six months of using GemIIni in the class.

The Study

“The purpose of the present study was to use video modeling to teach children with autism to engage in reciprocal pretend play with typically developing peers. Scripted play scenarios involving various verbalizations and play actions with adults as models were videotaped. Two children with autism were each paired with a typically developing child, and a multiple-probe design across three play sets was used to evaluate the effects of the video modeling procedure. Results indicated that both children with autism and the typically developing peers acquired the sequences of scripted verbalizations and play actions quickly and maintained this performance during follow-up probes. In addition, probes indicated an increase in the mean number of unscripted verbalizations as well as reciprocal verbal interactions and cooperative play. These findings are discussed as they relate to the development of reciprocal pretend-play repertoires in young children with autism.”

The Study

The purpose of this study was to provide a synthesis of research studies published in the last ten years on interventions to increase social skills for children and adolescents with ASD, examine the outcomes of these studies and evaluate whether a given intervention meets the criteria for evidence-based practice. Thirty-eight studies were included in this review, of which 36 were single subject research studies and 2 group experimental studies. Results varied widely both between intervention types and with different studies within each intervention type. While Social Stories, Peer-mediated, and Video-Modeling all met the criteria for evidence-based, a closer look at percentage of non-overlapping data points (PND) shows that only Video-Modeling meets criteria for being evidence- based as well as demonstrating high effectiveness as an intervention strategy.

The Study

“This study comprised of two experiments was designed to teach complex social sequences to children with autism. Experimental control was achieved by collecting data using means of within-system design methodology. Across a number of conditions children were taken to a room to view one of the four short videos of two people engaging in a simple sequence of activities. Then, each child's behavior was assessed in the same room. Results showed that this video modeling procedure enhanced the social initiation skills of all children. It also facilitated reciprocal play engagement and imitative responding of a sequence of behaviors, in which social initiation was not included. These behavior changes generalized across peers and maintained after a 1- and 2- month follow-up period.”

LINK TO STUDY

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10803-006-0195-x

The Study

Video modeling interventions involve a child watching videotapes of positive examples of adults, peers, or him- or herself engaging in a behavior that is being taught. The purpose of this review was to examine empirical studies in which video modeling interventions were applied to individuals with autism. Nineteen studies published between 1985 and 2005 met the inclusion criteria for this review. The findings suggest that video modeling interventions are effective in teaching a variety of skills to children with autism. Descriptive summaries are provided for each study. Directions for future research and implications for practitioners are provided.

The Study

“The present study was designed to compare the effectiveness of video modeling with in vivo modeling for teaching developmental skills to children with autism. A multiple baseline design across five children and within child across the two modeling conditions (video and in vivo) and across tasks was used. Each child was presented two similar tasks from his or her curriculum; one task was used for the video condition, while the other was used for the in vivo condition. Video modeling consisted of each child watching a videotape of models performing the target behavior, whereas in vivo modeling consisted of the children observing live models perform the target behavior. After the observations, children were tested for acquisition and generalization of target behaviors. Results suggest that video modeling led to faster acquisition of tasks than in vivo modeling and was effective in promoting generalization. Results are discussed in terms of video modeling’s motivating and attention maintaining qualities.”